Wood Ruel
The man who opened the World
WHEN men first came to the moon, planned with mathematical precision where they were going and how they would arrive. And he could communicate with home. However, when Ferdinand Magellan five small wooden boats, most of them about 70 feet [21 meters] long, similar in length to a modern semitrailer left Spain in 1519, sailing into the unknown. And they were all alone.
Among the most daring feats of navigation bravest of all time, Magellan trips are a monument to the Great Age of Exploration from an era of courage and fear, joy and tragedy, God and wealth. Let us, then, around 1480, when Ferdinand Magellan was born in northern Portugal, and take a look at the remarkable man who unlocked the world and their epic journeys.
Court of Justice of the page to Fearless Mariner
The Magellan family are members of the nobility, So, as is customary, while Ferdinand is still a young boy, he is called as the site of the royal court. Here, besides getting an education, learn firsthand of the exploits men like Christopher Columbus, who just returned from the Americas, after having sought a western sea route to the fabled Spice Islands (Indonesia). Young Ferdinand soon dreams of the day when he too can hear the slap of canvas overhead and feel on his face the spray of unexplored oceans.
Unfortunately, in 1495, his patron, King John, is assassinated and Duke Manuel, who is very interested in wealth, but not in exploration, making the throne. For some reason, does not like Manuel Fernando 15 years of age and for years ignored their requests to go to sea. However, when da Gama returned Basque of India, laden with spices, Manuel smells great wealth. Finally, in 1505, Magellan gives permission to go to sea. Magellan east part of Africa and India an armada Portuguese to help wrest control of the spice trade from Arab merchants. Thereafter, sailing east to Malacca with a military expedition.
During a skirmish in Morocco in 1513, Magellan was seriously wounded in the knee. As a result, limping through the rest of his life. Asks Manuel for an increase in their pension. But the animosity Manuels not diminish in the least by the recent exploits Magellan, sacrifice, and courage. Sends him on his way with barely enough to live in genteel poverty.
At this low point in the life of Magellan, is visited by an old friend, the famous navigator João de Lisboa. The two ways to reach talk about the Spice Islands by going southwest, through a narrow passage rumored to cut through South America and then across the ocean that Balboa recently discovered when he crossed the Isthmus of Panama. They believe that the other side of this ocean lie the Spice Islands.
Magellan now aches to do what Columbus not find that the western route to the Orient, which he believes is shorter than the eastern route. But he needs financial support. Therefore, still smarting from the heat of Manuels's wrath, does what Columbus himself did some years before, seeking the patronage of the King of Spain.
Spains King Will Listen?
With graphics open, Magellan presents his arguments in Spains young sovereign, Charles I, who is more interested in Magallanes western route to the Spice Islands, because this prevents trespassing on Portuguese shipping lanes. What is more, Magellan tells him that the Spice Islands may actually be in Spanish territory, not Portuguese! See the box "The Treaty of Tordesillas."
Charles earns more. Da Magellan five old ships to refit for the expedition, makes Captain-General of the fleet, and promises him a share in the benefits of spices brought home. Magellan began working immediately. But because King Manuel slyly attempts to sabotage the project, it takes more than a year before the fleet is finally ready for their epic journey.
"The feat of navigation largest in history "
On 20 September 1519, San Antonio, the Conception, the Victoria and James from high to low follow flagship Magellan, the Trinity, the second largest ship as sailing to South America. On December 13, come to Brazil, and under the majestic gaze of Pão de Açúcar, or Sugar Loaf, entering the beautiful bay of Rio de Janeiro for repairs and provisions. Then continue south on what is now Argentina, always alert to the pace, elusive passage to another ocean. Meanwhile, the days get colder and icebergs appear. Finally, on 31 March 1520, Magellan decided to winter cold in the port of San Julian.
The trip took six times longer than the first crossing of the Atlantic of Columbus and still no strait! Morale as cold as the climate of San Julian, and men, including some of the captains and officers, are desperate to go home. It's no surprise when a riot erupts. But through quick and decisive action by Magellan, failure, and two of the ringleaders are killed.
The presence of foreign vessels in port pica natural curiosity of the local resistance and large. Feeling like dwarfs beside these giants, the visitors called the land of Patagonia Spanish word which means "big feet" its name to this day. They also note "sea dogs like the calves in the size and black and white geese that swim under the water, eat fish, and have beaks like crows. Yes, you guessed it seals and penguins!
Polar latitudes are prone to sudden, violent storms, and before winter is over, the fleet suffered its first casualty of the small Santiago. Fortunately, however, the crew is rescued from the remains of land. From then, the four remaining ships, like battered little winged moths of incessant slavery ice storms, its way south into pound increasingly cold waters until 21 October. Through spray and sleet, all eyes are locked in an opening to the west. The step? Yes! In short, turn and enter the strait later known as the Strait of Magellan! However, it was tarnished even this moment of triumph. The San Antonio deliberately gets lost in the maze of narrow before returning to Spain.
The three remaining ships, flanked by bleak fjords and snowcapped peaks, doggedly force their way through the tortuous strait. Towards the field south countless fires, possibly from fields in India, so they call that land Tierra del Fuego, "Land of Fire."
Pacific Test
After five weeks terrible that sailing in a sea so calm that assigned the name of Magellan the Pacific. The men pray, sing hymns, and salute their conquest with their cannons. But the euphoria is short. Woe beyond what we have experienced so far ahead of them, for this is not the small sea is expected to follow and on and on, and men more hungry and weak and sick.
Antonio Pigafetta, a hardy Italian, keeps a journal. He writes: "Wednesday, eighth of November 1520, which … into the sea in the Pacific, where he remained for three months and twenty days without supplies … We ate only old biscuit reduced to powder, and full of worms and stinking of filth that rats had in him … and drank water that was yellow and smelly. He also ate the ox leather …, The wood sawdust, and rats that cost half crown each, moreover, many of them do not have them. "Thus, while the fresh trade winds fill their sails and clear water slips beneath the keel, the men are rotting from scurvy. Nineteen die in the time they reach the Marianas, March 6, 1521.
But here, on account of hostilities with the islanders, they manage to get just a little fresh food before sailing. By Finally, on March 16, that the sight of the Philippines. Finally, all men eat well, rest and recover their health and strength.
Tragedy A Dream Collapses
A deeply religious man, Magellan converts many of the local people and their rulers to Catholicism. But his zeal is also his undoing. He is involved in a conflict between tribes and with only 60 men, attacks some 1,500 natives, believing crossbow, musket, and God will ensure victory. Instead, he is dead and several of his men. Magellan is about 41. Loyal Pigafetta laments: "They killed our mirror, light, comfort and guidance of truth. A few days Later, about 27 officers who had done more than watch from the safety of their ships are put to death by the leaders of once friendly.
When Magellan died, fell into the familiar waters. A little farther south lay the Spice Islands and western Malacca where he had fought in 1511. If, as some historians believe, is sailed to the Philippines after the battle of Malacca, then he did, indeed, around the world though not, of course, on a trip. He had come to Argentina from the east and west.
Disaster plagues the Homeward Run
As so few men now remain, working three ships is impossible, so sink the Concepción and sail the other two ships to their final destination, the Spice Islands. Then, having loaded with spices, the two ships separated. However, fighting crew of Trinidad are captured and imprisoned by the Portuguese.
However, the Victoria, under the command of ex-mutineer Juan Sebastián de Elcano, escapes. Avoid all ports in a bar, they run the risk of the Portuguese route around the Cape of Good Hope. Not stopping for food, however, is a costly strategy. When they finally arrive in Spain on 6 September 1522 when three years were only 18 sick, emaciated men have survived. Yet it is land first circumnavigators indisputable. And Elcano is a hero. Incredibly, 26 tons of spices wins payment for the entire expedition!
The Name of Life Magellan
For years Magellan is denied his true place in history. Influenced by the reports of the mutinous captains, the Spanish smear his name, saying that was harsh and incompetent. The Portuguese label a traitor. Unfortunately, his record was shattered when he died, probably destroyed by those who are exposed. But thanks to the indomitable Pigafetta one of 18 circumnavigators and about 5 other members of the expedition, we have at least some record of the tragedy, however, special trip.
Over time, history revised its ruling, and today the name Magellan is duly honored. It has a narrow your behalf, like the Magellanic Clouds, South fuzzy two galaxies first described by its crew and the space probe Magellan. And, of course, we need the name of the world's largest ocean, the Pacific, Magellan.
In fact, "no human voyage would be so important until Apollo 11 landed on the moon 447 years later," writes Richard Humble, during the Voyage of Magellan. Why travel so important? First, it was shown that the Americas were neither close nor to Asia, as Columbus had imagined. Secondly, at journey's end, a difference of a day on the dates indicated the need for international date line. And finally, as a writer Isaac Asimov science, he said, proved that the earth is a sphere. Yes, in this last aspect, Magellan demonstrated in a practical way what the Bible itself had been saying for 2250 years. (Isaiah 40:22; compare Job 26:7.) Undoubtedly, the deeply religious man who unlocked the world would be satisfied with that.
About the Author
Did you find this article informative and useful? You can learn and read a lot more articles at this site.
http://www.phil-islands.com ; or visit to our other niche site: http://www.modeltrainshobby.com
|
|
Anne Marie Durand Ruel by Mary Cassatt 12.25X14.00 Framed with Black Wood Frame Anne Marie Durand Ruel, framed black wood, white matte. Beautiful Highest Quality Frame, Solid Finish, LOW SHIPPING!!! Price includes price of print Poster. Framing includes dry mounting, acrylic glazing. Comes ready to hang. and is a better quality then your local framing store Guaranteed…. |
|
|
Anne Marie Durand Ruel by Mary Cassatt 17.13X20.00 Framed with Black Wood Frame Anne Marie Durand Ruel, framed black wood, white matte. Beautiful Highest Quality Frame, Solid Finish, LOW SHIPPING!!! Price includes price of print Poster. Framing includes dry mounting, acrylic glazing. Comes ready to hang. and is a better quality then your local framing store Guaranteed…. |
|
|
Anne Marie Durand Ruel by Mary Cassatt 22.00X26.00 Framed with Black Wood Frame Anne Marie Durand Ruel, framed black wood, white matte. Beautiful Highest Quality Frame, Solid Finish, LOW SHIPPING!!! Price includes price of print Poster. Framing includes dry mounting, acrylic glazing. Comes ready to hang. and is a better quality then your local framing store Guaranteed…. |
|
|
Paintings by Walt Kuhn ; November 6th to 30th, 1946 … |
